Choosing a Term Paper Writing Service

Choosing a Term Paper Writing ServiceThe success of a student with term paper writing service starts from the initial consultation. It is important to understand the goals of the student's term paper writing service provider and this must be determined before anything else happens. There are many different aspects that should be taken into consideration before signing any contract or agreement.A writing service will want to know your expectations and requirements and then provide you with an outline of services to be provided. This includes writing essays, college essays, research papers, school reports, business presentations, letters, long term projects, and many other forms of text based documents. It is vital that the contract is in writing and it should be clear, concise, precise, and actionable.If you are not sure about whether or not to use a term paper writing service, you can at least read some of the most frequently asked questions and do a background check on several websi tes. The few providers that do provide good service will usually state that they would need to see some samples of work prior to providing any service.When you are deciding to use a term paper writing service, it is best to spend time researching them. This will ensure that you choose a company that has a good reputation and will deliver excellent results. Some of the things that you can look for include how much they charge, whether or not they have a college student writing team, and whether or not they can write your term paper for you if you have not already done so.If you are unsure whether to use a term paper writing service or not, this should never be a problem. In most cases you will be able to find a reliable service that can assist you with your term paper writing needs.A term paper writing service does not need to be costly or have an expensive price tag. You should be able to find a reputable service provider that can provide you with all of the assistance that you need without cost. In addition, you should never feel pressured by an overzealous service manager.Term paper writing service will help students become more efficient and effective by writing good grades on their assignments. The only drawback to this form of writing service is that many students do not like to read the whole assignment before they begin writing it. In the end, the service can help students improve their writing skills, while saving money.

Karl Marx and Andrew Carnegie Compare and Contrast

Expository Essay #2 Compare and Contrast Essay: During the nineteenth century, Karl Marx and Andrew Carnegie had definite opinions about the affects of industrialization on society. A greater understanding of their views on history and humanity can be gained by comparing and contrasting two written artifacts: The Communist Manifesto and â€Å"Wealth.† In 1848, Marx, a German philosopher, wrote a supposedly scientific account of his perspective on history entitled The Communist Manifesto. As a materialist philosopher, he believed that economics was at the heart of history. He examined the tools and technology being used to understand the material substructure of how people were fed and clothed. Marx believed class struggles had existed†¦show more content†¦In fact, he believed private property was â€Å"sacred† to civilization because it allowed competition and competition resulted in more people being able to purchase products of better quality. He believed â€Å"the poor enjoy what the rich could not before afford. What were the luxuries have become the necessities of life.† (Paragraph 4) He added, â€Å"Not evil, but good, has come to the race from the accumulation of wealth by those who have the ability and energy that produce it.† (Paragraph 7) According to Carnegie, it was naà ¯ve to think that â€Å"work for work’s sake† brings satisfaction and he did not believe that â€Å"laboring for each other† is inherent to man’s nature. He suggested it would be a waste of energy to try to â€Å"bend the universal tree of humanity.† Carnegie believed this â€Å"tree† had produced â€Å"the best and most valuable of all that humanity has yet accomplished† through â€Å"Individualism,Show MoreRelatedComparison Of Karl Marx And Marx On Capitalism And Economic Inequality1458 Words   |  6 Pages Compare And Contrast What Carnegie And Marx Have To Say About Capitalism And Economic Inequality Marx and Carnegie Ideas on Capitalism and Economic Inequality. Capitalism is a social and economic system which works on the principle of individual rights whereby the mode of production and means of distribution is chiefly owned and maintained by a small number of people for profit therefore having the free market. Politically, capitalism refers to the system of democracy and freedom. On the other handRead MoreHerbert Spencer Essay13142 Words   |  53 Pagesimpressed by what he observed on a triumphal tour. 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(Two assessments in the book—â€Å"Source of Personal Stress† in Chapter 2 and the â€Å"Best-Self Feedback Exercise† in Chapter 10—are not available online.) COURSESMART

Does the Current Law Protect Vulnerable and Intimidated Witnesses Adequately - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2229 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Act Essay Did you like this example? Are vulnerable and intimidated witnesses adequately protected during cross-examination under the current law? To appear as a witness in a criminal trial has been described as a terrifying, intimidating, difficult and stressful ordeal.[1] It is not an easy experience for vulnerable and intimidated witnesses when the issue of giving evidence about the incident they were involved in is in question. This is because while the witnesses are giving evidence in court they are most likely to re-live the incident and the pain they suffered, and psychologically, this is very damaging. There are a range of measures enshrined in statute to protect victims of sexual offences in court, although these are now interpreted in light of Article 6 of the Human Rights Act, which provides the defendant with a right to a fair trial. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Does the Current Law Protect Vulnerable and Intimidated Witnesses Adequately?" essay for you Create order Section 41 of the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999 (YJCEA) restricts the circumstances in which evidence or questions about the sexual behaviour of a complainant outside the circumstances of the alleged offence can be introduced. Moreover, the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999 introduced a range of measures that can be used to facilitate the gathering and giving of evidence by vulnerable and intimidated witnesses which are collectively known as Special Measures. Nevertheless, the cross-examination of vulnerable and intimidated witnesses is a significant issue, as Andrew Norfolk, chief investigative reporter of The Times has underlined in his articles.[2] The complainant of a sexual offence could previously be cross-examined about being a prostitute or about indiscriminate promiscuity in order to show that she was not to be trusted. There was a tendency to explore the victimà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s past sexual experience to try and blemish her character. This some times had the reserve effect of putting the victim on trial. As a result, victims of sexual offences felt intimidated and were deterred from bringing their case forward. Section 41(1) of the YJCEA puts a significant restriction on the way the defence may conduct its case where the defendant is charged with a sexual offence. Section 41(1) stipulates that if an accused is charged with a sexual offence, then no evidence can be adduced nor can questions be asked in cross-examination of the complainantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s sexual behavior, unless leave is obtained from the court. To add more, under section 34 of the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999 defendants who are charged with rape or certain other sexual offences, are not allowed to cross-examine the victim themselves. The restrictions in s 41 reduce trauma on the complainant from à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“being put under trialà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  and they encourage victims of sexual offences to come forward with their case. Special Me asures are a series of provisions that help vulnerable and intimidated witnesses give their best evidence in court and help to relieve some of the stress associated with giving evidence. The special measures available to vulnerable and intimidated witnesses include screens to shield the witness from the defendant, live link enabling the witness to give evidence during the trial from outside the court through a televised link to the courtroom, evidence given in private exclusion, removal of wigs and gowns by judges and barristers, video-recorded interview, examination of the witness through an intermediary who is appointed by the court to assist the witness to give their evidence at court, aids to communication to enable a witness to give best evidence through a communicator or interpreter, or through a communication aid or technique, provided that the communication can be independently verified and understood by the court. The special measures also include video-recorded cross exami nation (section 28) which is not yet in force. However the 1999 Act is highly criticised by researchers for doing nothing to address the fundamental issue of the traumatic experience of cross examination for victims. On the other hand a researcher named Birch also found that the measures for vulnerable witnesses had not been fully implemented nationwide and that the police and the Crown Prosecution Service had many difficulties in identifying who was vulnerable and therefore eligible for the special measures under the 1999 Act. Consequently during the process of identifying vulnerable witnesses, many witnesses who were in fact truly vulnerable remained unidentified and unprotected. This is evidence that the measures introduced by the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999 are not operating sufficiently enough to protect all the vulnerable witnesses as it fails to identify and protect many of them. Furthermore, in a recent article in The Guardian, Justice minister Damian Green says aggressive cross-examination from multiple defence barristers has left victims deeply traumatized. He raised concerns about the treatment of victims in the recent trial of a gang who ran a child prostitution ring. A girl had been sold to men across England since the age of 13 and she was cross-examined by seven defence barristers over 12 days. He says that victims have to endure a double trauma, first at the hands of those who have harmed them and then face torturous cross-examination and degrading questions from multiple defence counsels. He also adds that this is not the best way to obtain sound and accurate evidence to protect vulnerable witnesses, and that recent announcements such as enabling the use of pre-recorded interviewing in safe spaces go some way to redress the balance for victims. He also says that much more should be done, such as the better use of special measures and compulsory training for defence barristers on how to handle young and vulnerable witness es. To add more, a girl who gave evidence in court about presumably being sexually abused by her father has told The Independent how aggressive cross-examination left her so traumatised that the case had to be abandoned. In the recent Oxford abuse trial, a witness was in such an emotional state during questioning that she had to halt the process repeatedly to throw up. Judges and ministers are considering proposals to make giving evidence less traumatic for child abuse victims. In fact there already exist some protections for child witnesses during trials which include getting judges and barristers to remove their wigs and allowing children to give testimony via video link from an adjacent room but legal experts say they do not go far enough. Pre-recorded cross-examination for child abuse victims was first proposed in 1989 and legalised in 1999 but the law has not yet been implemented till now which means that children continue to suffer needlessly. Another recent article i n The Telegraph mentions that the Justice Secretary, Mr Grayling wants to give witnesses the chance to pre-record evidence for criminal trials to avoid cases such as that of Frances Andrade who killed herself after being cross examined at Manchester Crown Court. The 48-year-old mother of four and violin teacher took her life during the trial of choirmaster Michael Brewer. The latter was later convicted of child sex offences against Frances Andrade when she was 14 and 15 years old. Andrade texted a friend three days before her death to say that she felt as if she had been raped all over again as Brewers barrister attempted to undermine her testimony. Mr Grayling said that vulnerable witnesses must in future be spared from the aggressive and intimidating atmosphere in courtrooms. He also added that the hostile treatment of victims and witnesses in court has nothing to do with fairness or justice and that it is not right that young and vulnerable victims are forced to relive that tr aumatic experience when cross-examined in court. Moreover, in a recent article by Dr Emily Henderson is found three main aspects of conventional cross-examination which the Court of Appeal targets for reform. First is the issue of miscommunication through the use of developmentally inappropriate language. Secondly, there is the use of suggestive questions. The third and the most overtly controversial is the use of cross- examination to confront the witness. The Court of Appeal said in the case of Barker that the task of the advocate is to formulate short, simple questions which put the essential elements of the defendantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s case to the witnessand to ensure that their questions are comprehensible to the witness. The case of Barker concerned an appeal against conviction for the anal rape of a two year old child. The complainant was four by the time she was cross-examined and was the youngest person ever called in the Old Bailey. Barker appealed, inter alia, on th e basis that a series of apparently nonsensical answers by the child under cross- examination showed that she had been incompetent to give evidence. The defendantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s counsel had tried to test the four year old childà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s understanding of lying, using himself as an example. Firstly, he asked the child to tell him his name, Bernard, and then asked whether his name was that of the police interviewer, Kate. The child could not remember his name therefore the defendantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s counsel tried another example. He asked the child if he told her it was Sunday, would that amount to a fib. The child nodded. However, when he asked what day of the week it was then the child suddenly announced Your name is Bernard. The Courtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s response was that the problem was not in the childà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s understanding but in the complexity and pace of questioning. The Court of Appeal found that the fault was in the counselà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s use of developmentally inappropriate language. This is clear evidence that vulnerable and intimidated witnesses are not sufficiently protected. Next there is the problem of cross-examination which contaminates evidence by suggestion. In W and M, two boys aged 10 and 11 years old were convicted of sexual offences but in each case, the complainant, an eight-year old girl, had withdrawn her key accusations under cross- examination. The Court of Appeal however, concluded that the retractions were unreliable because they were obtained by the use of highly suggestive questioning such as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"This happened, didnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t it?à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ This is another evidence that the current law is not offering an adequate amount of protection to vulnerable witnesses. The Courtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s message is that cross-examiners must avoid contaminating the witnessà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s answers. Questions may be quite clear but not permissible because they pressure the witness to respo nd in one way or another. In the case of W and M, the court said that there is undoubtedly a danger of a child witness wishing simply to please. There is undoubtedly a danger of a child witness seeing that to assent to what is put may bring the questioning process to a speedier conclusion than to disagreeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. It is generally recognised that particularly with child witnesses short and untagged questions are best at eliciting the evidence. By untagged we mean questions [which] do not contain a statement of the answer which is sought. In the case of E, the Court of Appeal repeated that heavily suggestive questions are not permissible because of the risk that the witness will become confused. There is also the issue of substantive challenges which are put to the witness during cross- examination to challenge the witnessà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s evidence. Telling children of tender years that they are lying can lead to confusion and worse, to capitulation. It has been shown in the case of E that young children are scared of disagreeing with a mature adult whom they do not wish to confront.Many children, even if there are honest, will find accusations of lying incredibly stressfuland their ability to respond meaningfully will be severely disrupted. In Barker, however, the Court declared that the detailed questioning desired by counsel was not necessary and that aspects of evidence which undermine the childà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s credibility must be revealed to the jury but it is not necessarily appropriate for them to form the subject matter of detailed cross- examination of the child. Also, in W and M, where the complainant was eight years old, the trial judge who made it clear that counsel need not feel that they must examine individual contentions item by item. Next, the case of E concerned allegations of physical assault by a step father on his six year old step daughter. The judge directed that defence counsel should not put questions to the witness me rely for the purpose of a formal challenge. In my view, the fundamental purpose of cross- examination in a criminal trial is to investigate the evidence. Confusing and suggestive questions which exploit the developmental limitations of a vulnerable person should no longer acceptable. Neither should it be acceptable to use cross- examination to launch purely symbolic challenges. This is not the proper function of cross-examination. It is sad to say that vulnerable witnesses are not sufficiently protected during cross-examination. In Barker the child was four and in E, the child was six and the Court did not criticise the failure to appoint a Registered Intermediary to assess the childrenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s communication abilities and advise the advocate on framing appropriate questions. The question to be asked is whether matters would have gone as badly awry as they did had a Registered Intermediary been appointed who could have assisted with communication with the young and vuln erable witnesses. Maybe it is high time that s 28 of the YJCEA 1999 is implemented which can, if not eliminate, mitigate the harm that vulnerable and intimidated witnesses suffer during cross-examination. 2,248 words [1] Vulnerable and Intimidated Witnesses and the Adversarial Process in England and Wales [article] International Journal of Evidence Proof , Vol. 11, Issue 1 (2007), pp. 1-23 [2] See the series of articles by Andrew Norfolk in The Times May 2013à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"Sept 2013.

Compare and Contrast the Natural and Social Sciences in...

The natural sciences aim has been to establish universal laws , of cause and effect , in order to replicate and generalise scientific arguments. Laws of physics , mathematics and chemistry look for logical, verifiable knowledge of the natural and physical world , in an attempt to translate it into applicable models and systems of valid and recognised stock of facts and data. It has been the purpose of the natural sciences to produce scientific statements, following an objective , value-free observation of facts and through deduction , formulation of hypotheses and testing the scientific validity of the same, to measure and quantify evidence. In contrast , the social sciences such as sociology, history , anthropology seek to explain and interpret human behaviour , its actions and meanings attributed to these in the social world in order to produce normative statements, that translate , ideas and meanings constructed by the human being in a social contextual, reality. (Alan Bryman , 2008). The debate of the applicability of the natural sciences, philosophy and approach, to research by the social sciences has its roots in a traditional dispute by the positivist school of thought in contrast to the interpretivist one, that emerged as an alternative and as an opposing standing by various social researchers. It is pertinent to explore and identify the similarities and differences between the natural and the social sciences, in their philosophy and approach to research inShow MoreRelatedPsy 308 Lab Assignment Essay1446 Words   |  6 PagesModule 1 Homework Assignment PSY308: Social Psychology Student’s Name Aristotle Jimenez Instructor’s Name Carolyn Ward Date 18 November 2012 2012-18-NOVEMBER-PSY308-M1HW-FL.doc Homework Assignment 1 PSY 308: Social Psychology Directions: Using Microsoft Word to save and submit your work, please complete the following homework assignment. Please include a title page with this assignment. 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His ideas were inï ¬â€šuenced strongly by the time he spent studying the works of historical scientists, such as Aristotle and Copernicus, in their original contexts. Kuhn were published his seminal work, The Structure

Research Methodology Qualitative Methods of Data...

In the previous chapters I discussed the problem of the lack of healthy eating promotion programs in schools are leaving parents and students uneducated about how to purchase healthy items which is leading to childhood obesity. I also discussed how the problem is being addressed, as well as the theory of social constructionism. In this chapter, I will discuss the specific methodology I plan to use and the three different types of data collection I plan to employ to carry out my study. This study will use a qualitative approach to study and address the issue of the lack of healthy eating promotion in schools. The three types of data collection I plan to use are: direct observation, focus groups and a questionnaire. These methods will†¦show more content†¦The participants are the only ones who can legitimately judge the credibility of the results. In addition to creditability, transferability is also an imperative part of qualitative research. Transferability refers to the degree in which the results of qualitative research can be generalized or transferred to other contexts or settings (Trochim, 2006). From a qualitative perspective transferability is primarily the responsibility of the one doing the generalizing. In this case, some of the implications can be transferred to another setting such as a university setting. Since this study is taking place in elementary school setting as well as secondary school setting, it could easily be transferred to a university setting with some alterations. Another perspective regarding qualitative research is confirmability. Confirmability refers to the degree to which the results could be confirmed by others (Trochim, 2006). Qualitative research tends to assume that each researcher brings a unique perspective to the study. By applying each of these concepts to the study, the researcher is able to provide a credible, valid, transferable study. 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The concerned research requires to investigate that to what extend improvement can be made in project estimation techniques and methods in Dubai (UAE) by following United Kingdom’s methodologies. This requires that the researcher should be having the proper understanding of the research that has been taken into consideration by them. Moreover, the research methodology that would beRead MoreQuantitative And Quantitative Research Methods1520 Words   |  7 PagesResearch is a process that is systematic and gathers, analyzes and interprets data collected about a specific subject with the objective of better understanding and meeting a goal (Leedy Ormond, 2010). Before initiating the research process the researchers need to have a clear understanding of the question and the goal of what is going to be studied or investigated. The development of a plan designed with specific methods need s to be included to acquire relevant data. The research should be guided

Employment Law and Relations

Questions: 1. Conduct an analysis of the companys competitive position for the period 1996 2000 using appropriate frameworks from strategy and entrepreneurship articles.2. Assess the characteristics of the team that identified and created The Medicines Company what was entrepreneurial about the process that they followed to identify the opportunity and then launch the company.3. Consider what Porter alleges about new or emerging industries, or niche sectors within an existing industry. How would you characterize the companys strategy? 4. What are your thoughts about the risks undertaken by the scavenger strategy of Maxwell and his team? How sustainable do you believe this strategy to be? Answers: 1. Strategy and entrepreneurship are the processes of identifying the allocating resources, developing plans and policies and objectives of an organization. The basic strategy developed by Meanwell while founding The Medicines Company in 1996 was the acquisition of the drugs, which were in the last stage of research and development but were undervalued by the companies developing them. After acquisition and completion of the research, the company established the entrepreneurship of the medicines and markets them globally (Drucker, 2014). Later part of 1996 was dedicated to the review of the potential acquisitions. 1997 began with the beginning of the business with Angiomax, an anticoagulation drug acquired from Biogen. 1998 and 1999 marked the acquisition of rights to IS-159 and CTV=-05 respectively. 2000 was dedicated to funding and in August, the company raised a lump amount of $101.4 million. 2. Meanwell and his group of investors in 1996 had the vision of opportunity where other companies noticed failure. Meanwell had the belief that the drug manufacturing companies has the characteristics to overreact to the clinical study results. They abandon the drugs, which are still undergoing research, as the drugs do not meet the clinical expectations of the developers but apparently having therapeutic values. It was more of a rescue process of the under-research drugs by Meanwell and his colleagues (Magretta, 2012). Therefore, they looked for the drugs, which had the prime characteristics of less research time, less capital investment, have higher chances of entering the global market and have the capacity to generate revenue. Therefore, Meanwell spent the period 1996-2000 for the screening of the drugs and fund raising for his company to finally enter the market with Angiomax their lead product. 3. As per Porters five forces analysis, one of the forces is the threats to the new entrants. Since The Medicines Company was a new entrant in the pharmaceutical sector, so Porters analysis can be implemented to analyze its entrepreneurship. As per Porters analysis, the markets with high profits will attract the new investors. This will eventually decrease the profit share of all the firms in the sector. Therefore, the uncontrolled entry has to be reduced by the incumbents of the industry (E Dobbs, 2014). However, this analysis by Porter did not affect the strategy of Meanwell. Since the company was doing a rescue job for the rejected drugs under development, so it was rather profitable for the niche organizations as they were also gaining from the rejected formulations. The company successfully carried on the scavenging process and entered the pharmaceutical market successfully. 4. The strategy undertaken by Dr. Clive Meanwell was more of a scavenger strategy. This was so because he cleared up the labs of the companies involved in product development and collected the rejected drugs for setting up his entrepreneurship. However, this strategy seemed to work quite efficiently, stile several risks and issues were present in it. The issues were the product pricing, product portfolio development and facing the stock markets (Young et al., 2014). The strategy was a sustainable one as it involved the simple theory of making money from drugs, which have been set aside by their developing companies. Proper research and efficient development of these drugs may give back life to them and can be forwarded to the market. However, selection and pricing of the drugs are quite an essential factor in this strategy of entrepreneurship. References: Drucker, P. (2014).Innovation and entrepreneurship. Routledge. Dobbs, M. (2014). Guidelines for applying porter's five forces framework: A set of industry analysis templates.Competitiveness Review,24(1), 32-45. doi:10.1108/CR-06-2013-0059 Magretta, J. (2012). Michael Porter answers managers' FAQs.Strategy Leadership,40(2), 11-15. doi:10.1108/10878571211209305 Young, M. N., Tsai, T., Wang, X., Liu, S., Ahlstrom, D. (2014). Strategy in emerging economies and the theory of the firm.Asia Pacific Journal of Management,31(2), 331-354.

Leading Hospitality and Tourism Operation Modern Inspirations

Question: Describe about the Leading Hospitality and Tourism Operation for Modern Inspirations. Answer: With a rich heritage that is infused with modern inspirations from various fronts, St. Regis Hotel as a brand boasts of many cherished traditions that have seen the company attract uninterrupted business. The company began in the Gilded Age of New York where the first aristocracy of the US saw himself rise to prominence. The visionary founder of the counter is known as John Jacob Astor the 4th who is known to be the brainchild of the great idea and even built the parent St. Regis Hotel in New York (Bjrk, 2005). Traditionally, the job-centered approach was known to bring about low productivity as well as low morale among employees. With these developments, John sought for an employee-centered approach where the participation of each of the persons involved in the production process participated fully, ensuring that they achieved the set objectives and made decisions that were popular with the company mission and vision. John Jacob Astor IVs vision of St. Regis Hotel Since its inception a couple of decades ago, the company has experienced quite unparalleled expansion and growth in its portfolio with regard to its hotels and resorts that are scattered all over the world. Based on its commitment, vision statement as well as mission statements, the company has gotten back to its feet and sets things rolling making it one of the premier companies of our time (The Orchid Hotel, 2002). The company is dedicated to ensuring that customer privacy is protected and their personal data is safeguarded. The companys mission is to ensure that the guests expectations are exceeded in terms of services and products provided to the leisure and business travelers. The company strives to create experiences that are responsive to the needs of the guests through the use of information that is entrusted to them responsibly (Blair, 1989). Wholesomely, the company, is always committed to ensuring that it respects the privacy and adhering to the applicable principles of data protection and data all over the globe. As a matter of principle, it is worth noting that Astors fortunes were not just made overnight. In his teenage period, the young entrepreneur took every available time to earn money. He had the passion and the commitment that would need for any successful business. In his pursuit for successful establishment of a business empire, Astor had met one successful fur trader and got inspired by him with the goal of reaching higher heights (Cho, 2001). In the course of all these, he got involved in trade between him and the Native Americans. His fortunes saw incredible improvements and rapid expansion to the extent that by 1799, he had bought his first real estate slice in New York. In the next four years, he had bought 70-acres of land in Broadway. His portfolio saw an increase in rating when he added another slice of land in Manhattan (Blair, 1989). This is a clear demonstration that his sheer hard work had elevated him to the status of elitists in the business world and as such, saw his industry grow to be amongst the most renowned companies in the travel and hospitality industry. Works Cited Bjrk, P., Virtanen, H. (2005). What Tourism Project Managers Need to Know about Co?operation Facilitators. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 5(3), 212230. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250510014354 Blair, J. (1989). Rebirth of the St. Regis. Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 29(4), 8081. https://doi.org/10.1177/001088048902900416 Cho, V. (2001). Tourism Forecasting and its Relationship with Leading Economic Indicators. Journal of Hospitality amp; Amp; Tourism Research, 25(4), 399420. https://doi.org/10.1177/109634800102500404 The Orchid Hotel. (2002). Tourism and Hospitality Research, 3(3), 277280. https://doi.org/10.1177/146735840200300308